Presence Types

 The first one is social presence. Social presence involves students, participants feeling connected to the class environment. Teachers must keep their students involved in class so obviously, it improves participation. It is like forming a community to lessen the feeling of loneliness and make students feel as they are part of something. This is something most needed during online education but providing such an environment is not something that everyone can do. In order to do that, the teachers need to adapt their teaching system accordingly.

The second one, transactional presence is something that comes after the social presence. They are alike in the matter of students feeling they are all part of something together, there is just a small difference. In transactional presence, it is all about transactions between "students". It can be achieved by making students give presentations to their classmates.

Thirdly the cognitive presence can be achieved by, like transactional presence, transaction of information among students. The crucial difference between them is cognitive presence involving a couple of students interacting with each other. It is best achieved by group works. With group works students share their thoughts with each other and contribute to the creation of the material.

Lastly, there is a teaching presence. Teaching presence is the bounding presence that holds the other presences together, with teaching presence the other presences can be achieved or even exist. Basically, teaching presence is the founding presence of all presences.